ARTICLE TEXT
DOI DOI: 10.38140/ijsie.v2i1.1618

Adapting the Picture Exchange Communication System for toddlers with hearing impairments in inclusive classrooms

Anuoluwapo Elizabeth Adeduyigbe1
  1. 1 University of Ibadan

Abstract

The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is widely recognised as initially developed for children with autism and has since been identified as beneficial for individuals with hearing impairments. This study, therefore, seeks to explore the adaptation of PECS for toddlers with hearing impairments in inclusive classroom settings. The structured six-phase protocol of PECS, emphasising visual and tactile supports, is examined for its potential to bridge communication barriers and foster independent interaction. Special attention is given to integrating situational visual cues, such as photographs and tangible symbols, to enhance engagement and contextual understanding during playtime, a critical developmental activity for young children. Parental involvement and environmental adjustments are pivotal factors in successfully implementing PECS for toddlers with hearing impairment. Training parents to use PECS in naturalistic contexts, such as play, improves communication consistency and motivation. The paper highlights the role of customised PECS strategies in supporting communication development and toddlers' social and emotional well-being. Despite promising outcomes, this study underscores the need for further research to validate the effectiveness of PECS adaptations for this specific population, particularly in fostering spontaneous communication and joint attention.

How to Cite

Adeduyigbe, A. E. (2025). Adapting the Picture Exchange Communication System for toddlers with hearing impairments in inclusive classrooms. International Journal of Studies in Inclusive Education, 2(1), 18–22. https://doi.org/10.38140/ijsie.v2i1.1618
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

References

  1. Adeduyigbe, A. M., Adeduyigbe, A. E., & Tijani, B. E. (2024). Addressing students with hearing impairment's current state and future needs: Reforming an inclusive science education. International Journal of Studies in Inclusive Education, 1(2), 12-15. https://doi.org/10.38140/ijsie.v1i2.1448
  2. Curtin, M., Cruice, M., & Herman, R. (2024). Assessing parent-child interaction with deaf and hard-of-hearing infants aged 0-3 years: An international multi-professional e-Delphi. PLOS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270000
  3. Frost, L., & Bondy, A. (2002). The picture exchange communication system training manual (2nd ed.). Pyramid Educational Products: Newark. https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1130282269708808448
  4. Hartnett, M. (2010). How the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) Assists Children with Autism Acquire Language (Unpublished PhD thesis), St. John Fisher College. https://fisherpub.sjf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1066&context=education_ETD_masters
  5. Ivy, S. E., Kerr, M. G., & Grace, M. (2020). Adapted Picture Exchange Communication System using tangible symbols for young learners with significant multiple disabilities. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 36(1), 24–36. https://doi.org/10.1080/07434618.2019.1675988
  6. Kim, J., Lee, G., & Colleagues. (2023). Establishment of joint attention and parental cues in interaction between hearing parents and young children who are deaf and hard-of-hearing: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Communication Sciences & Disorders, 28(1), 53-67. https://doi.org/10.15853/csd.2023.28.e1
  7. Loots, G., & Devisé, I. (2003). The use of visual-tactile communication strategies by deaf and hearing fathers and mothers of deaf infants. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 8(1), 31–52. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/eng004
  8. Loots, G., Devisé, I., & Jacquet, W. (2005). The impact of visual communication on the intersubjective development of early parent-child interaction with 18- to 24-month-old deaf toddlers. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 10(4), 357–375. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/eni027
  9. Malandraki, G., & Okalidou, A. (2021). The application of PECS in a deaf child with autism: A case study. Journal of Communication Disorders, 53(4), 123-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2021.104212
  10. PECS United Kingdom. (2024). Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS). Retrieved from https://pecs-unitedkingdom.com/pecs
  11. Roberts, M. (2019). Parent-implemented communication treatment for infants and toddlers with hearing loss: A randomized pilot trial. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 62(11), 4273–4290. https://doi.org/10.1044/2019_JSLHR-S-19-0421
  12. Rutherford, M., O’Hare, A., & Colleagues. (2019). Visual supports at home and in the community for individuals with autism spectrum disorders: A scoping review. Autism, 23(7), 1775–1788. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361318784557
  13. Yoder, P. J., & Lieberman, R. G. (2009). Brief report: Randomized test of the efficacy of Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) with young children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-008-0595-6
  14. Yoder, P. J., Lieberman, R. G., & Stone, W. L. (2020). Adapted Picture Exchange Communication System for children with multiple disabilities including sensory impairment: A single-case experimental design study. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 63(12), 4393-4409. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-S-19-0421